OPEN SOURCE content
DEFINITION of Open Source
Linux = their operating system is free.
Nobody owns the code with "open source" software. You can still find the original kernal for download. The complete source code of many Linux kernel versions dating back to 1991 is freely downloadable from www.kernel.org; you can download the very first release (or view the release notes), the first semi-stable version (release notes), or the 1.0 release.
Freedom and community are the moral goals of software freedom.
Free software movement started in 1983 by Richard Stallman.
Meet Richard Stallman, watch his video and learn. He wrote GNU Public License version gnu 1, 2, and now 3 with the help of a contract lawyer. This public license protects the freedom of every user.
The Free Software Foundation
The Free Software Directory, offers a a catalog of free software that runs under free operating systems particularly the GNU operating system and its GNU/Linux variants. There are 4,386 packages indexed. Directory topics include Audio, Business and Productivity, Database, Education, Email, Games, Graphics, Graphics, Hobbies, Interface, Live Communications, Mathematics, Network Application, Printing, Science, Security, Video and Web Authoring.
OPEN SOURCE EDUCATIONAL CONTENT
The Open Content Alliance, is making the material available to any search service. The Boston Public Library and the Smithsonian Institution, suggest that many in the academic and nonprofit world are intent on pursuing a vision of the Web as a global repository of knowledge that is free of business interests or restrictions. the Boston Library Consortium of 19 research and academic libraries in New England that includes the University of Connecticut and the University of Massachusetts, said it would work with the Open Content Alliance to begin digitizing the books among the libraries’ 34 million volumes whose copyright had expired. The Library of Congress has a pilot program with Google to digitize some books. But in January, it announced a project with a more inclusive approach. With $2 million from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the library’s first mass digitization effort will make 136,000 books accessible to any search engine through the Open Content Alliance. The library declined to comment on its future digitization plans. The Open Content Alliance is the brainchild of Brewster Kahle, the founder and director of the Internet Archive, which was created in 1996 with the aim of preserving copies of Web sites and other material. The group includes more than 80 libraries and research institutions, including the Smithsonian Institution.Open Content Alliance is a trademark of the Internet Archive.[source]
The OER (Open Educational Resources) Common is a database of open source content related to education. Usually sites like this are devoted either to K-12 or higher education resources — this one has both. From the front page you can browse by tag, subject matter, or grade level. Find college courses or K-12 lesson plans. Search lectures, labs, or syllabi that are open to adapt for your own use. Browse the Categories or Collections for what interests you. Many of the resources we point to are published using a Creative Commons license.
Open Library Project
"An interview with Aaron Swartz, creator of the "basic framework" of the new Open Library Project now sponsored by Internet Archive. His comment on existing bibliographic tools: "I can search an academic library or WorldCat, but the quality of data is pretty weak - you can get basic bibliographic info, but no reviews and weak search and a painful interface and most require a subscription." Read More Here"
CommentPress is an open source theme for the WordPress blogging engine that allows readers to comment paragraph by paragraph in the margins of a text. Annotate, gloss, workshop, debate: with CommentPress you can do all of these things on a finer-grained level, turning a document into a conversation. It can be applied to a fixed document (paper/essay/book etc.) or to a running blog. This site is presented in "document" mode. CommentPress was developed by the Institute for the Future of the Book.
OpenLearn: Mathematics and Statistics
The Open University had long been dedicated to the proposition of providing high-quality educational materials for persons all over Britain and the
world. They were one of the first universities to place such materials online, and their OpenLearn website has received high marks from many quarters. This particular section of materials on their site is devoted to providing instructional units in both math and science. Currently, the site contains about 30 different units, and visitors can stroll through these units and take in their materials at their leisure. The units include such titles as Modeling pollution in the Great Lakes, Exploring data: graphs and numerical summaries, and Using vectors to model.
LibriVox: free audiobooks
LibriVox volunteers record chapters of books in the public domain and release the audio files back onto the net. Our goal is to make all public domain books available as free audio books. We are a totally volunteer, open source, free content, public domain project.
Elgg is an open source social networking platform based around choice, flexibility and openness: a system that firmly places individuals at the centre of their activities. Your users have the freedom to incorporate all their favorite tools within one environment and showcase their content with as many or as few people as they choose, all within a social networking site that you control. Elgg represents a shift from aging, top-down classroom technologies like Blackboard to what e-learning practitioners call personal learning environments -- mashup spaces comprising del.icio.us feeds, blog posts, podcast widgets -- whatever resources students need to document, consume or communicate their learning across disciplines.
Sakai is an online Collaboration and Learning Environment. Many users of Sakai deploy it to support teaching and learning, ad hoc group collaboration, support for portfolios and research collaboration.
Sakai is a free and open source product that is built and maintained by the Sakai community. Sakai's development model is called "Community Source" because many of the developers creating Sakai are drawn from the "community" of organizations that have adopted and are using Sakai.
Open learning at The Open University's openlearn free and open learning educational resources for learners and educators around the world.
Open Content
The searchable indexes below expose public domain ebooks, open access digital repositories, Wikipedia articles, and miscellaneous human-cataloged Internet resources.
(GPL) Nikto is an Open Source web server scanner which performs comprehensive tests against web servers for multiple items, including over 3300 potentially dangerous files/CGIs, versions on over 625 servers, and version specific problems on over 230 servers. Scan items and plugins are frequently updated and can be automatically updated (if desired).
Open Access Blocked by Unawareness and Librarians
Charles Mkoka 22 May 2007 Source: SciDev.Net
http://www.scidev.net/News/index.cfm?fuseaction=readNews&itemid=3631&language=1 A shorter URL for the above link: http://tinyurl.com/34rrjz
African scientists are making increased use of online scientific journals but many are still not aware of free access, according to a study. Researchers also warned that slow Internet connections and librarians' control over passwords is hindering what access there is. The study was published in BioMedCentral's Health Services Research last week (17 May 2007). Researchers interviewed over 300 doctors and research scientists in Cameroon, the Gambia, Nigeria, Tanzania and Uganda about awareness and use of online medical information and literature. They found that 66 per cent had used the Internet as a source of information in the last week. When asked whether they had heard of specific online journals and information sources, the majority recognised PubMed and the British Medical Journal online, but less than half had heard of the Cochrane Library, BioMedCentral, and the Health InterNetwork Access to Research Initiative (HINARI), which allows free access to full text journals in low income countries.
OPEN SOURCE TAX CREDIT
0pen source tax credit-- March 20, 2006 by Russ Nelson 1-315-323-1241 crynwr.com
" Corporations can write-off their work developing software in many ways, and so can individuals.
I looked into this issue in my role as the executive director of the Public Software Fund. If you own copyright on a work, and you donate[2] that work to a 501(c)(3), you can deduct the fair market value of that work. No changes are needed to tax law.
The difficulty here is that you need to determine the fair market value. You can pick a number from the air if you want. Or you can pay a professional for a valuation of the work that will stand up in tax court. There are people who will do this for a percentage of the value of the work. I expect, though, that they would be grumpy about valuing something worth less than, say, $100.
So what would a contribution to an existing open source project be worth?
Some Open Source licenses[3] require that any change you actually use, you must publish as open source software. Other Open Source licenses require that you make freely copyable and include source of any code you publish. Yet other Open Source licenses allow you to distribute derived works under any license you want. How to value contributions?
It seems to me arguable[4] that you can deduct whatever you could sell the first copy for. When Cygnus Software was an independent company, they would sell the first copy of a gcc port for six or seven figures.
A comparable price would be the price of full ownership of any comparable piece of software
A less reliable valuation would be the salary of someone paid to do a comparable work-for-hire. Since the employer owns the copyright (for work done in the USA) absent any agreement, the employer is in effect buying the copyright. It's less reliable because the employer is buying the copyright in advance. They're taking a risk that the employee will write junk, and hoping they'll write a masterpiece. That's where the unreliability of this valuation comes from. Makes any one valuation less arguably correct.
Does that get anybody to thinking about filing revised federal income taxes for the past three years based on the value of software whose copyright you assigned?[5]
[1] http://publicsoftwarefund.org
[2] To be legally donated, the copyright must be assigned, in writing.
[3] By which I mean OSI Approved Open Source licenses.
[4] The IRS will not impose a penalty if you can make a reasonable argument for a deduction even if the deduction is disallowed on audit. They expect you to deduct aggressively. You would then have to pay interest and the avoided taxes.
[5] You can write off up to half your income, but only half your income. Don't think you'll get away without paying any taxes.
OPEN SOURCE FREE CLASSROOM COURSEWARE TOOLS
Technology Tools For the Online Classroom
- Moodle 1.7 http://moodle.org/
The word moodle is an acronym for "modular object-oriented dynamic learning environment", which is quite a mouthful. What Scout Report readers should know is that Moodle 1.7 is a tremendously helpful opens-source e-learning platform. With Moodle, educators can create a wide range of online courses with features that include forums, quizzes, blogs, wikis, chat rooms, and surveys. -
Nicenet - Internet Classroom Assistant
- Open Text Summarizer - "The Open Text Summarizer is an open source tool for summarizing texts. The program reads a text and decides which sentences are important and which are not. OTS is both a library and a command line tool. Word processors such as AbiWord and KWord can link to the library and summarize documents while the command line tool lets you summarize text on the console. The program can either print the summarized text as text or HTML. If HTML, the important sentences are highlighted. The program is multi lingual and works with UTF-8 encoding."
- HelpMaker v7
HelpMaker is an application to create help files without an expensive word-processor, without having the manage multiple files. Writing help files is called help authoring. You can make whole help files using HelpMaker. HelpMaker makes WinHelp, RTF, HTML-Help, Websites, PDF files. HelpMaker has no limitations, no time-outs, no nags, no adware, no banner ads and no spyware. It is 100% free. Other than this product, there is no free help authoring tool for RTF, WinHelp, HTML-Help, WebHelp and PDF. - Free software that can be used to teach computer science concepts.
Scratch for middle school students. Scratch is a drag-and-drop environment that kids can use to create 2D animations and games.
Alice for High school students. drag-and-drop environments for creating 3D movies and games. Alice and Scratch do not require you to be the administrator to install. You can simply download these and copy them to the student's home directory. - Wikimono allows you to create any type of wiki. You need no technical experience whatsoever, no HTML, no nothing. Plan your next party or trip abroad with friends. Create your fan site. Store your course notes. Build a private website for your family. Organize your charity work with your friends. Announce your product. Write your resume. Create your own newspaper. Write a book.
Squeak is a "media authoring tool"
Create Online Activities and Games with Squeak It's a free, open-source, multimedia programming environment for kids, educators and everyone who is interested in developing games, simulations, or just have fun exploring the power of computers. It works on PCs, Macs and linux-based machines.
Software that you can download to your computer and then use to create your own media or share and play with others. It is free and downloadable here. If you'd like to get a feel for what Squeak looks like without downloading, view a typical early project for kids in HTML (no download needed). Once you download Further information can be found in the Squeak FAQ
OpenOffice* (http://www.openoffice.org/)
This is an open source replacement for Microsoft Office. It includes a word processor (to replace Word), spreadsheet (Excel), presentation software (PowerPoint) and database (Access). It will open up Microsoft Office files and save to Microsoft Office formats (except for the database part, which is a bit more complicated than Access ... at least for me!). It also has some cool features that Office doesn't have, like saving Word documents as PDF files or saving PowerPoint presentations as Flash files.
Google Earth (http://earth.google.com/)
Many of you have probably seen or heard of this one. A GREAT tool for viewing satellite images of the world. I have it on my laptop and will show it to my students on the LCD projector once in a while ... they LOVE it.
Celestia* (http://www.shatters.net/celestia/)
Open source space simulation ("virtual planetarium") software.
Mozilla Firefox and Thunderbird (http://www.mozilla.org/)
Web browser (Firefox) and e-mail client (Thunderbird) that are both open source. Supposedly they are much more secure than Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Outlook Express, although they both have their own security issues. But they also have some neat features that Microsoft's products don't. I use them all the time at home.
SciPy http://www.scipy.org/
SciPy (pronounced "Sigh Pie") is open-source software for mathematics, science, and engineering. It is also the name of a very popular conference on scientific programming with Python. The core library is NumPy which provides convenient and fast N-dimensional array manipulation. The SciPy library is built to work with NumPy arrays, and provides many user-friendly and efficient numerical routines such as routines for numerical integration and optimization.
ZipGenius (http://www.zipgenius.it/)
Freeware ZIP file utility ... can archive files in ZIP format, and expand ZIP files as well. VERY good user interface, and lots of features. The suite version includes some other neat tools, too, like FTP software and a password manager.
PrimoPDF (http://www.primopdf.com/)
PDF converter. Basically it adds a printer to your system called PrimoPDF ... when you "print" to this printer, it actually creates a PDF file. So in theory, it can be used with any program to create free PDF files.
The OpenCD http://www.theopencd.org/ creates a CD of open source and freeware programs. In addition to the programs, the CD includes a bootable version of the Linux operating system (which can also be installed if you want to use Linux permanently). You can download the entire CD image, which can then be burned easily onto a CD, or you can download each program individually. .
iLabs are free, web-based tools to help you and your community communicate, collaborate, and develop a shared capacity for problem-solving. iLab software is developed continuously, through an open process of inquiry in which users participate.
- Conveniently retrieve course materials previously available only in Blackboard
- Produce independent course websites with the same content and
structure as the original course embedded in Blackboard - Apply a cascading style sheet (CSS) to customize the look and feel
of their freestanding site - Easily distribute and share course content files with others
- bFree is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.5 License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ Under this license's conditions, non-commercial users are free to copy, adapt, distribute, and transmit the work.
Swiki* (http://minnow.cc.gatech.edu/swiki/15)
A WikiWikiWeb written in Squeak. It turns any computer into a web server for setting up wikis that can be used as collaborative webs. Setting up virtual Wiki's takes less than two minutes. It runs on Mac, Windows, Linux, etc. and is a piece of cake to set up and get running. While you wouldn't install this on every laptop, it's a wonderful collaboration tool and, when installed on a machine with a port to the Internet, allows students to log in and work in their sites from anywhere. The new version, just released, has many new features and better group and user management.
The Open Source Development Labs (OSDL) offers free public patent library database of patents donated to the open source community. The library is a catalogue of patents whose owners have agreed not to exert any control over the technologies as long as they are used to improve the open source community. The OSDL offers a clearinghouse for information about patents, where they came from, what they do, and under what conditions they can be used. The site should free open source developers from much of the uncertainty they have when using patented technologies in their development efforts.
Rename* http://www.1-4a.com/rename/ file renamer takes all of those digital camera files with the same name and allows you to rename them to something that makes sense. It also fits on a floppy and does not need to be installed.
Open source bulletin board package.
It's very easy to use and the interface is intuitive and user-friendly.
- Software Downloads
- Region free Tools: 2 tools to make your Hollywood Plus & Software DVD Player region free
- Source codes: source codes for all the open source tools you can find on this page
SourceForge.net
Open Source development website, with Open Source code and applications, provides free services to Open Source developers, including project hosting, version control, bug and issue tracking, project management, backups and archives, and communication and collaboration resources.
480+ Open Source Applications for you to choose from.
Manhattan Virtual Classroom
is a password protected, web-based virtual classroom system that includes a variety of discussion groups, live chat, areas for the teacher to post the syllabus and other handouts and notices, a module for organizing online assignments, a grades module, and a unique, web-based email system open only to students in the class. Developed at Western New England College, Manhattan is free, and is released under the GNU General Public License.
PrimoPDF. It works great and is free!
PDFCreator (http://sourceforge.net/projects/pdfcreator) which is a free and open source tool
FormMail is a generic HTML form to e-mail gateway that parses the results of any form and sends them to the specified users. This script has many formatting and operational options, most of which can be specified within each form, meaning you don't need programming knowledge or multiple scripts for multiple forms.
CODEWEAVERS RUNS OFFICE WITHOUT WINDOWS 3/02
Codeweavers unveiled software that allows corporate users to run Microsoft Office and Lotus Notes without a Windows operating system. The product, called CrossOver Office, eliminates the need for a Windows operating systems license as well as a Windows emulator which, traditionally, have tended to weigh down the speed and performance of desktop applications. Crossover uses Wine. 1.1.2. Emulation versus Native Linking Wine is a UNIX implementation of the win32 libraries, written from scratch by hundreds of volunteer developers and released under an open source license. Anyone can download and read through the source code, and fix bugs that arise. The Wine community is full of richly talented programmers who have spent thousands of hours of personal time on improving Wine so that it works well with the win32 Applications Programming Interface (API), and keeps pace with new developments from Microsoft. Wine can run applications in two discrete ways: as pre-compiled Windows binaries, or as natively compiled X11 (X Window System) applications. The former method uses **emulation** to connect a Windows application to the Wine libraries. You can run your Windows application directly with the **emulator**, by installing through Wine or by simply copying the Windows executables onto your Linux system. The other way to run Windows applications with Wine requires that you have the source code for the application. Instead of compiling it with native Windows compilers, you can compile it with a native Linux compiler -- gcc for example -- and link in the Wine Libraries as you would with any other native UNIX application. These natively linked applications are referred to as Winelib applications. The Wine Users Guide will focus on running precompiled Windows applications using the Wine **emulator**. The Winelib Users Guide will cover Winelib applications.
A Business Case Study of Open Source Software
Carolyn A. Kenwood, The MITRE Corporation
ABSTRACT - This paper was prepared as part of The MITRE Corporation¹s FY00 Mission-Oriented Investigation and Experimentation (MOIE) research project "Open Source Software in Military System s. This paper analyzes the business case of open source software. It is intended to help Program Managers evaluate whether open source software and development methodologies are applicable to their technology programs. In the Executive Summary, the paper explains open source, describes its significance, compares open source to traditional commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) products, presents the military business case, shows the applicability of Linux to the military business case, analyzes the use of Linux, discusses anomalies, and provides considerations for military Program Managers. The paper also provides a history of Unix and Linux, presents a business case model, and analyzes the commercial business case of Linux.
KEYWORDS: Linux, Open Source, Open Source Software, OSS, Software.
| The Linux home page | Spam Filter |
| Mandrake | Redhat |
| OpenSource Schools | Educational Application Index |
| Linux Newsletters | |
| Article CIO Linux | Open Code |
| Linux How To's | CoffeeCup HTML Editor for Linux |
| Video Editing Software | |
| OpenSource Development Network | Enigmail, a GnuPG "plugin" for Mozilla 0.9.9 release |
| Gnutella is FREE | |
Ubuntu manifesto: Great software should be available free of charge and should be usable by people in their own language regardless of disability. Also, people should be able to customize and alter their software in ways they deem fit. Get started with linux by downloading Ubuntu Get Involved with the Ubuntu women irc @ irc.linuschix.org #linuxchix If you have a slow old computer then use the light version of Ubuntu called Kubuntu After you install unbuntu then install sun java. For Eudora use Kmail |
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Filter software for schools -
Linux combination of Squid and SquidGuard. They are both free, come with extensive "blacklist" updates and are fully customizable to allow or deny sites that are not correctly filtered in the pre-configured blacklists.
GIMP* (http://www.gimp.org/)
GIMP is a powerful open source image-editing program that is comparable to PhotoShop.
Project "FABULA PATWA" and the Release Notes and ChangeLog - questions? ask Robert PhilipsThis is the first release of fabulapatwa which is the mozilla variant of the bilingual courseware product of the European Union.
FABULA project involving principal project partners in the fields of bilingual education and literacy, human-computer interaction, interface design, typography and software development from the University of Reading and the University of Brighton in the United Kingdom and DTP Workshop in Dublin, Eire. Integral to the project has been the close participation of Fabula's evaluation partners, educational institutions specialising in the support of bilingual learning and culture in the Basque Country, Catalonia, Friesland, Ireland and Wales. Fabula is funded by the European Commission as part of the Educational Multimedia Taskforce. Fabula is an easy-to-use program which allows children and teachers to create their own bilingual, multimedia storybooks complete with digital photos. FABULA http://fabula.xmlw.ie/
The source code is not available at this time, but if you interest in reviving it and you want more information contact
and
.
Bilingual stories help children learn other languages by using words, sounds and pictures to explore the similarities and differences. Fabula can be used to create stories in any pair of languages, but the five nation team which worked to develop this package – teachers, children, software engineers, translators and researchers – is particularly interested in the lesser used languages of Europe, such as Welsh, Irish, Catalan, Basque and Frisian. The Fabula software was created using Mozilla. The Maker is built upon the Editor and is used to create stories. The Reader is built on top of the Browser and is used for viewing the stories.
Open Source Security:
Better Protection at a Lower Cost
In this opinion piece, Steve Schlesinger argues that open-source software offers enhanced security over proprietary commercial solutions. This appears counter intuitive at first glance, as open-source software allows anyone the ability to see every line of code, including the vulnerabilities. Schlesinger contends that open-source software is more affordable, more secure, and it's flaws are discovered and fixed faster. For example, a SecurityPortal study published in January 2000 found that open-source vendor averaged just over 11 days to patch bugs found in its operating system software. By contrast, Microsoft averaged 16 days and Sun Microsystems took nearly three months to patch their software. Open-source software also benefits from public peer review. And finally, open-source projects tend to develop strong communities of support, which lowers the cost and response time of support.
ISSUES
Defense Department Issues Open Source Policy By Thor Olavsrud June 3, 2003
http://www.internetnews.com/dev-news/article.php/2216311
The U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) last week distributed a memo putting open source software on a level playing field with proprietary software when it comes to use within the department, though the memo also warned that those using open source software (OSS) must comply with "lawful licensing requirements" and be aware of what those licenses entail.
11/03 Critical new vulnerability in the Linux kernel that could enable an attacker to gain root access to a vulnerable machine and take complete control of it. The vulnerability is in all releases of the kernel from Version 2.4.0 through 2.5.69, but has been fixed in Releases 2.4.23-pre7 and 2.6.0-test6.RedHat Inc. and the Debian Project, both have released advisories warning customers of the issue and providing information on fixes. A slew of products from other vendors, including, MandrakeSoft S.A., SuSE Linux AG and Caldera International Inc., also are vulnerable.
OSDL tells users to ignore SCO threats February 11, 2004
The Open Source Development Labs (OSDL), home of Linux creator Linus Torvalds, has published a paper by Columbia University Professor Eben Moglen advising Linux customers to ignore legal threats from the SCO Group until its copyright litigation against Novell is resolved. Prof. Moglen argues that by suing Novell, SCO has admitted that its own claims to Unix ownership are in doubt, and no judge would hold a user liable for infringement in such a case. Regardless of who wins the suit, users should still be able to use Linux without purchasing a license from SCO or Novell, since both have contributed code under the General Public License. Many customers continue to deploy Linux despite SCO's copyright claims, ignoring legal threats until a final court ruling.
http://www.vnunet.com/News/1152702
http://www.internetnews.com/dev-news/article.php/3310781
http://www.eweek.com/article2/0,4149,1523271,00.asp
LIBRARIES USE IT
LinuxPlanet
Article about a library (NPL) in Ohio who is using the free software Koha package to replace expensive proprietary software in their library. According to the article, "Thus far, Koha has been a gift to the libraries that have adopted it since its initial release. As each system converts to Koha, it has added additional functionality to the application. Since the application is licensed under the GPL, that means that all users of the application benefit from the incremental efforts of the developers." Or, in other words, each library that contributes to the improvement of the software benefits everyone else that uses it. Imagine the money that could be saved by public institutions that switch to free software and how a cooperative approach makes much more economical sense.
Graham Stewart on one man's crusade to push open source software - February 12, 2004
The Guardian http://www.guardian.co.uk/online/story/0,3605,1145674,00.html
The local public library seems an unlikely place to start a software revolution, but that's where one man has begun his campaign to encourage the use of open-source software.
Bob Kerr, a member of the Edinburgh Linux Users Group, has convinced more than 80% of Scotland's public libraries to stock OpenOffice - the free, open-source alternative to Microsoft Office.
Kerr has put together a CD package containing versions of the software for Windows, Linux and Mac OS X. Once accepted by libraries, borrowers can take it home, copy it and use the programs free. In return, they get word processing, spreadsheet, graphics and presentation software that is broadly compatible with Microsoft's Word, Excel and PowerPoint.
