MUSIC AND BRAIN CONNECTIONS, INTELLIGENCE, MUSIC THERAPY AND NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
Publications, On Line Journals, and Research on Music and Brain Development
The Neurosciences and Music II: From Perception to Performance: 12 December 2005; Vol. 1060
Part I. Ethology / Evolution Do Animals Have Music or Something Else?
Introduction
CAROL L. KRUMHANSL
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 1-2
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/full/1060/1/1?etoc
Comments on Music, Ethology, and Evolution
IAN CROSS
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 3-5
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/full/1060/1/3?etoc
Probing the Evolutionary Origins of Music Perception
JOSH McDERMOTT and MARC D. HAUSER
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 6-16 http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/6?eto
brain and music and neuroscience
Music | Music and Brain Connections
The Conformal Motive in Birdsong, Music, and Language: An Introduction
BJORN MERKER
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 17-28
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/17?etoc
An Introduction
Human song and music are part of what may be called a ritual stratum of human culture. As such, they involve special behaviors and neural mechanisms with an uneven but interesting distribution in nature. This may be turned to account not only for shedding light on the biological background of human song and music, but also for elucidating the nature of the cultural traditions within which these arts are practiced and elaborated. The purpose of this chapter is accordingly threefold: (1) to highlight the uniqueness of human culture compared to that of other primates by defining and contrasting two very different types of traditions that coexist within it: those of instrumental culture and those of ritual culture; (2) to outline the crucial role of the mechanism of vocal learning as an enabling device for ritual culture, specifically, by way of the well-studied behavioral biology of birdsong; and (3) to introduce the conformal motive as a so-far neglected, but essential, aspect of the neural mechanisms required for vocal learning. Taken together, these considerations will then be used to sketch some of the roles this postulated conformal motive appears to play in human culture, stratified into instrumental, ritual, and language traditions. Some of the implications of this perspective for our understanding of a number of issues related to the human facility for imitation, expressive mimesis, and deliberate teaching are also briefly touched upon.
The Evolution of Music in Comparative Perspective
W TECUMSEH FITCH
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 29-49
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/29?etoc
Frontmatter
Preface
GIULIANO AVANZINI, LUISA LOPEZ, STEFAN KOELSCH, and MARIA MAJNO
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 xi http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/full/1060/1/1-xi?etoc
Part I. Poster Papers
Neuronal Mechanisms Underlying the Perception of Pitch and Harmony
GERALD LANGNER
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 50-52
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/50?etoc
Tonality and Nonlinear Resonance
EDWARD W. LARGE and AMY ELIZABETH TRETAKIS
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 53-56
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/53?etoc
Part II. Music and Language
Part II: Language and Music--A Comparison. Introduction
MIREILLE BESSON and ANGELA FRIEDERICI
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 57-58
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/full/1060/1/57?etoc
The Relationship of Music to the Melody of Speech and to Syntactic Processing Disorders in Aphasia
ANIRUDDH D. PATEL
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 59-70
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/59?etoc
Musical and Linguistic Processing in Song Perception
DANIELE SCHON, REYNA LEIGH GORDON, and MIREILLE BESSON
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 71-81
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/71?eto
Institute of Cognitive Neurosciences of the Mediterranean, CNRS, Marseille, France Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida 33431, USA
One approach to comparing the neural bases of language and music is through the use of song, which is a unique and ecological combination of these two cognitive domains. In song, language and music are merged into one acoustic signal with two salient dimensions. By manipulating either the linguistic or musical dimensions (or both) of song and studying their relationships, it is possible to gain important information about the neural networks underlying language and music cognition. We will present a brief review followed by recent behavioral, electrophysiological, and neuroimaging studies concerned with the functional and structural relationships of music and language. These results, together with the previous studies in the field, help understanding whether the different levels of music and language processing are independent or interactive.
Part II. Poster Papers
Neural Correlates of Rapid Spectrotemporal Processing in Musicians and Nonmusicians
N GAAB, P TALLAL, H KIM, K LAKSHMINARAYANAN, J J ARCHIE, G H GLOVER, and J D E GABRIELI
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 82-88
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/82?etoc
Spectral and Temporal Processing in the Human Auditory Cortex--Revisited
MARC SCHONWIESNER, RUDOLF RUBSAMEN, and D YVES von CRAMON
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 89-92
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/89?etoc
Influence of Musical Training on Pitch Processing: Event-Related Brain Potential Studies of Adults and Children
SYLVAIN MORENO and MIREILLE BESSON
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 93-97
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/93?etoc
Part III. Mental Representations
Part III: Mental Representations of Music--Combining Behavioral and Neuroscience Tools. Introduction
ERICH SCHROGER
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 98-99
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/full/1060/1/98?etoc
Implicit Investigations of Tonal Knowledge in Nonmusician Listeners
BARBARA TILLMANN
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 100-110
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/100?etoc
Brain Networks That Track Musical Structure
PETR JANATA
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 111-124
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/111?etoc
Neural Encoding and Retrieval of Sound Sequences
JOSEF P. RAUSCHECKER
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 125-135
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/125?etoc
Functional Neuroimaging of Semantic and Episodic Musical Memory
HERVE PLATEL
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 136-147
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/136?etoc
Neurophysiology and Neuroanatomy of Pitch Perception: Auditory Cortex
MARK JUDE TRAMO, PETER A. CARIANI, CHRISTINE K. KOH, NIKOS MAKRIS, and LOUIS D. BRAIDA
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 148-174
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/148?etoc
Aspects of Multisensory Perception: The Integration of Visual and Auditory Information in Musical Experiences
DONALD A. HODGES, W DAVID HAIRSTON, and JONATHAN H. BURDETTE
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 175-185
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/175?etoc
Part III. Poster Papers
A Network for Sensory-Motor Integration: What Happens in the Auditory Cortex during Piano Playing without Acoustic Feedback?
SIMON BAUMANN, SUSAN KOENEKE, MARTIN MEYER, KAI LUTZ, and LUTZ JANCKE
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 186-188
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/186?etoc
The Power of Listening: Auditory-Motor Interactions in Musical Training
AMIR LAHAV, ADAM BOULANGER, GOTTFRIED SCHLAUG, and ELLIOT SALTZMAN
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 189-194
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/189?etoc
The Mental Space of Pitch Height
ELENA RUSCONI, BONNIE KWAN, BRUNO GIORDANO, CARLO UMILTA, and BRIAN BUTTERWORTH
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 195-197
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/195?etoc
Part IV. Developmental Aspects and Impact of Music on Education
Part IV: Developmental and Applied Perspectives on Music. Introduction
SANDRA E. TREHUB
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 198-201
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/full/1060/1/198?etoc
Music Listening and Cognitive Abilities in 10- and 11-Year-Olds: The Blur Effect
E GLENN SCHELLENBERG and SUSAN HALLAM
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 202-209
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/202?etoc
Examining Rhythm and Melody Processing in Young Children Using fMRI
K OVERY, A NORTON, K CRONIN, E WINNER, and G SCHLAUG
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 210-218
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/210?etoc
Effects of Music Training on the Child's Brain and Cognitive Development
GOTTFRIED SCHLAUG, ANDREA NORTON, KATIE OVERY, and ELLEN WINNER
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 219-230
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/219?etoc
Investigating the Relationship of Music and Language in Children:
Influences of Musical Training and Language Impairment
SEBASTIAN JENTSCHKE, STEFAN KOELSCH, and ANGELA D. FRIEDERICI
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 231-242
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/231?etoc
Temporal Entrainment of Cognitive Functions: Musical Mnemonics Induce Brain Plasticity and Oscillatory Synchrony in Neural Networks Underlying Memory
MICHAEL H. THAUT, DAVID A. PETERSON, and GERALD C. McINTOSH
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 243-254
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/243?etoc
Quantifying Tone Deafness in the General Population
JOHN A. SLOBODA, KAREN J. WISE, and ISABELLE PERETZ
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 255-261
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/255?etoc
Part IV. Poster Papers
Does Music Instruction Improve Fine Motor Abilities?
EUGENIA COSTA-GIOMI
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 262-264
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/262?etoc
The Effect of Early Musical Training on Adult Motor Performance: Evidence for a Sensitive Period in Motor Learning
VIRGINIA PENHUNE, DONALD WATANABE, and TAL SAVION-LEMIEUX
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 265-268
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/265?etoc
Roundtable on Music Therapy
Music Therapy: The Long Way to Evidence-Based Methods--Pending Issues and Perspectives. Introduction
LUISA LOPEZ
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 269-270
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/full/1060/1/269?etoc
Scientific Perspectives on Music Therapy
THOMAS HILLECKE, ANNE NICKEL, and HANS VOLKER BOLAY
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 271-282
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/271?etoc
Outcome Research in Music Therapy: A Step on the Long Road to an Evidence-Based Treatment
ANNE KATHRIN NICKEL, THOMAS HILLECKE, HEIKE ARGSTATTER, and HANS VOLKER BOLAY
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 283-293
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/283?etoc
Music Therapy Research in Ibero-American Countries: An Overview Focused on Assessment and Clinical Evaluation
PATRICIA L. SABBATELLA
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 294-302
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/294?etoc
The Future of Music in Therapy and Medicine
MICHAEL H. THAUT
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 303-308
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/303?etoc
Part V. Neurological Disorders and Music
Part V: The Neurology of Music. Introduction
TIM GRIFFITHS
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 309-310
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/full/1060/1/309?etoc
Musical Difficulties Are Rare: A Study of "Tone Deafness" among University Students
LOLA L. CUDDY, LAURA-LEE BALKWILL, ISABELLE PERETZ, and RONALD R. HOLDEN
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 311-324
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/311?etoc
Musical Behavior in a Neurogenetic Developmental Disorder: Evidence from Williams Syndrome
DANIEL J. LEVITIN
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 325-334
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/325?etoc
Changing the Brain through Therapy for Musicians' Hand Dystonia
VICTOR CANDIA, JAUME ROSSET-LLOBET, THOMAS ELBERT, and ALVARO PASCUAL-LEONE
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 335-342
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/335?etoc
Part V. Poster Paper
Music to Electric Ears: Pitch and Timbre Perception by Cochlear Implant Patients
DANIEL PRESSNITZER, JULIE BESTEL, and BERNARD FRAYSSE
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 343-345 http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/343?etoc
Part VI. Music Performance
Part VI: Music Performance. Introduction
DIEGO MINCIACCHI
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 346-348
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/full/1060/1/346?etoc
Enhanced P1-N1 Auditory Evoked Potential in Patients with Musicians' Cramp
VANESSA K. LIM, JOHN L. BRADSHAW, MICHAEL E. R. NICHOLLS, and ECKART ALTENMULLER
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 349-359
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/349?etoc
Time Course of Retrieval and Movement Preparation in Music Performance
CAROLINE PALMER
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 360-367
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/360?etoc
Neural Control of Rhythmic Sequences
FREDRIK ULLEN, SARA L. BENGTSSON, H HENRIK EHRSSON, and HANS FORSSBERG
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 368-376
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/368?etoc
A Neurocognitive Approach to Music Reading
LAUREN STEWART
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 377-386
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/377?etoc
Structural, Functional, and Perceptual Differences in Heschl's Gyrus and Musical Instrument Preference
PETER SCHNEIDER, VANESSA SLUMING, NEIL ROBERTS, STEFAN BLEECK, and
ANDRE RUPP
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 387-394
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/387?etoc
Part VI. Poster Papers
Differences in Gray Matter between Musicians and Nonmusicians
PATRICK BERMUDEZ and ROBERT J. ZATORRE
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 395-399
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/395?etoc
Tapping in Synchrony to Auditory Rhythms: Effect of Temporal Structure on Behavior and Neural Activity
JOYCE L. CHEN, VIRGINIA B. PENHUNE, and ROBERT J. ZATORRE
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 400-403
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/400?etoc
Neural Substrates Governing Audiovocal Integration for Vocal Pitch Regulation in Singing
JEAN MARY ZARATE and ROBERT J. ZATORRE
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 404-408
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/404?etoc
Part VII. Emotion in Music
Part VII: Music and the Emotional Brain. Introduction
ISABELLE PERETZ and JOHN SLOBODA
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 409-411
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/full/1060/1/409?etoc
Investigating Emotion with Music: Neuroscientific Approaches
STEFAN KOELSCH
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 412-418
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/412?etoc
Effects of Prior Exposure on Music Liking and Recognition in Patients with Temporal Lobe Lesions
SEVERINE SAMSON and ISABELLE PERETZ
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 419-428
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/419?etoc
The Time Course of Emotional Responses to Music
EMMANUEL BIGAND, SUZANNE FILIPIC, and PHILIPPE LALITTE
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 429-437
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/429?etoc
Part VII. Poster Papers
Remember Bach: An Investigation in Episodic Memory for Music
SUSANN ESCHRICH, THOMAS F. MUNTE, and ECKART O. ALTENMULLER
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 438-442
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/438?etoc
Key Processing Precedes Emotional Categorization of Western Music
SUZANNE FILIPIC and EMMANUEL BIGAND
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 443-445
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/443?etoc
How Does Music Arouse "Chills"? Investigating Strong Emotions, Combining Psychological, Physiological, and Psychoacoustical Methods
OLIVER GREWE, FREDERIK NAGEL, REINHARD KOPIEZ, and ECKART ALTENMULLER
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 446-449
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/446?etoc
Emotion Processing of Major, Minor, and Dissonant Chords: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
KAREN JOHANNE PALLESEN, ELVIRA BRATTICO, CHRISTOPHER BAILEY, ANTTI KORVENOJA, JUHA KOIVISTO, ALBERT GJEDDE, and SYNNOVE CARLSON
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 450-453
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/450?etoc
Left Auditory Cortex Specialization for Vertical Harmonic Structure of Chords
NATALIA PASSYNKOVA, KERSTIN SANDER, and HENNING SCHEICH
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 454-456
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/454?etoc
Emotional Processing of Harmonic Expectancy Violations
NIKOLAUS STEINBEIS, STEFAN KOELSCH, and JOHN A. SLOBODA
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 457-461
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/457?etoc
Dimensions of Emotion in Expressive Musical Performance
BRADLEY W. VINES, CAROL L. KRUMHANSL, MARCELO M. WANDERLEY, IOANA M. DALCA, and DANIEL J. LEVITIN
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 462-466
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/1060/1/462?etoc
Complete List of Poster Papers Presented at the Conference
Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1060 467-487
http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/full/1060/1/467?etoc
MuSICA
Our goal is to establish a comprehensive data base of scientific research (references and abstracts) on music as related to behavior, the brain and allied fields, in order to foster interdisciplinary knowledge. Topics included: auditory system, human and animal behavior, creativity, human brain / neuropsychology of music, effects of music on behavior and physiology, music education / medicine / performance / and therapy, neurobiology, perception and psychophysics.
Data Base Contents: Scientific research (references & abstracts) on music as related to behavior, the brain and allied fields
- MuSICA database (thousands of citations/abstracts of research publications)
- MuSICA Research Notes issues may be obtained by sending an email request to Dr. Weinberger or e-mail , call (949) 824-5512
- Write to: MuSICA Coordinator
c/o Dr. Norman M. Weinberger (714) 856-5512
Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory University of California, Irvine Irvine, CA 92697-3800
MUSIC THERAPY
Musicians' Brains Wired Differently
The brain waves of professional musicians respond to music in a way that suggests they have an intuitive sense of the notes that amateurs lack, researchers said Wednesday. Zatorre, who has studied the brain's response to music for two decades, said it was the first time anyone had studied music and its relationship to motor control and imagery.
Brain Changes Help Deaf People Feel, Sense Music
SEATTLE (Reuters Health) - Deaf people undergo brain changes that allow them to perceive music in much the same way that hearing people do, new research suggests
Related links: from www.sciam.com/news/
Brain Wiring for Human Language Source: Laura Ann Petitto
Hearing Babies of Deaf Parents 'Babble' with their Hands
BRAIN INVADERS: A new auditory prosthesis implanted directly into the brain stem may restore hearing by Simon LeVay
DR. GORDON SHAW OPENS M.I.N.D. INSTITUTE
Gordon Shaw (949) 475-0492, ext. 30
On Thursday, March 2nd Dr. Gordon Shaw officially opened the new offices of the Music Intelligence Neural Development (M.I.N.D.) Institute in Irvine. The new headquarters will house the research team that developed the Spatial-Temporal Animation Reasoning (STAR) software that has been so successful, combined with music lessons, in teaching kids proportional math.
In a press release dated February 24, 2000, Dr. Shaw explained that a curriculum combining piano lessons, educational math software and fun math problems can help second graders achieve scores on certain tests comparable to fourth graders, according to studies by the Music Intelligence Neural Development (MIND) Institute.
The curriculum uses piano instruction to enhance the brain's ability to learn, then allows children to apply that mental acuity toward math problems. In the studies, second-graders from 95th street Preparatory School in inner-city Los Angeles were compared with fourth and fifth graders from an Orange County, CA school with a higher socioeconomic level. The students took the advanced math concepts exams, which tested math problem-solving ability, in 1999.
For 45 minutes two days a week, students got piano instruction from a music teacher at school. Then they used computers to play an educational game developed by the study's lead author and neuroscientist, Matthew Peterson. They play the game, called STAR for 45 minutes on another two days a week. And, one day a week, their classroom teacher leads a math integration lesson, in which students do brain-stretching problems aloud.
Second graders who received piano training, used the software and practiced math puzzles and exercises every week attained scores comparable to fourth graders. Half of these second graders scored in the top 20th percentile of the nationwide Standford 9 test in math, and these students achieved scores on the advanced math concepts exams comparable to the Orange County fifth graders. www.MINDInst.org.
Music therapy programs
Music therapy programs are popping up in hospitals and treatment centers around the country. But what do we actually know about the health benefits of music & or how music is processed by our brains? In this hour of Science Friday, Ira talks with patients, doctors, and scientists about the research and practice of music therapy.
http://www.sciencefriday.com/pages/2002/Jun/hour2_062802.html
HEAR:
William Benzon, Ph.D. Cognitive Scientist, Author, "Beethoven's Anvil: Music in Mind and Culture" (Basic Books, 2001) http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0465015433/sciencefriday/
Jersey City, New Jersey
Listen http://www.npr.org/ramfiles/totn/20020628.totn.02.ram
Other Guests:
Connie Tomaino, Director and Vice President for Music Therapy Services, Institute for Music and Neurologic Function, Beth Abraham Health Services, Bronx, New York
Maria Logis, Management Consultant, Con Edison, Improvisational artist, singer, and song-writer - New York, New York
Dr. Oliver Sacks, Clinical Professor of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Scientific Advisor, Institute for Music and Neurologic Function, Beth Abraham Health Services, Author, The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat (Touchstone Books, 1998), Awakenings (Vintage, 1999), and Uncle Tungsten: Memories of a Chemical Boyhood (Knopf, 2001), New York, New York
